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wtr 05 Deanza Social Final
Multiple choice queries: Please indicate the corresponding answer on your scantron (form 2052)
1. Giants fans who attack Cubs fans illustrates the strength of .
a. In-group out-group behavior.
b. Implicit bias.
c. Explicit bias.
d. Privilege.
.
2. The concept of social proof is exemplified by all of the following except: .
a. Pre-teens admiring Brittany Spears.
b. A gay man who was raised by fundamentalist Christians hating his own sexuality .
c. "The squeaky wheel gets the grease".
d. The student who does not speak in class for fear of being ridiculed.
.
3
When a member of a group violates a norm, others will first ____ him or her, and then eventually __________.
a. reject; try to persuade him or her to rejoin the group
b. try to persuade him or her to conform; reject him or her
c. decrease persuasive communication; increase persuasive communication
d. use humor to persuade him or her to conform; use logic
4. Evidence suggests that, in recent decades, sociocultural expectations of attractiveness for men, as depicted in the media, have become
a. thinner
b. more V-shaped (wide shoulders, narrow waist)
c. more muscular
d. hairier
5. _____ refers to the loosening of normal behavioral constraints when people are in a crowd, leading to increases in impulsive and deviant acts.
a. Social loafing
b. Collective contagion
c. Deindividuation
d. Collective anonymity
6. Perhaps the most crucial determinant of whether we will like someone is
a. how similar that person is to us.
b. how physically attractive we find the other person.
c. whether the other person likes us.
d. how often we've interacted with that person in the past.
7. The Robber's Cove experiment explains all of the following group behavior except.
a. In-group bias.
b. Out-group prejudice.
c. Racism.
d. Collectivist behavior.
8. Which of the following statement about attraction and liking is not true?
a. Men place greater emphasis on attractiveness.
b. Men rate women as more attractive than women rate themselves.
c. Women tend to view themselves as more unattractive than how men view them.
d. Thinner women are seen as more fertile and therefore desirable life partners.
9. The Mickey Gilly study noted:
a. Men's ratings of attractiveness increase with alcohol intake.
b. Women's ratings of photographs does not waver despite alcohol.
c. Men waver in their rating of themselves.
d. Women go home earlier than men do.
10. According to research conducted by Michael Cunningham and his colleagues (1986, 1995), there is overlap in what men and women find attractive in the opposite sex. For example, both men and women find _____ attractive in members of the opposite sex.
a. large eyes and prominent cheekbones
b. the "babyface" features of small noses and chins
c. narrow hips and flat stomachs
d. high foreheads and thick, glossy hair
11. According to Ellen Berscheid and Harry Reis (1998), the effects of propinquity, similarity, and reciprocal liking can be all be understood as a consequence of
a. people's preference for the familiar.
b. cultural values and standards.
c. the demands of sex roles.
d. the self-fulfilling prophecy.
12. Caryl Rusbult and other researchers (Kelley, 1983; Rusbult, 1991) suggest that in trying to predict relationship satisfaction, we need to consider not only the rewards and costs of a given relationship, but also
a. the partners' level of investment in the relationship.
b. whether passionate or companionate love is involved.
c. the culture from which the relationship partners come.
d. whether relationship partners are heterosexual, lesbian, or gay.
13. Which of the following is not a statement that explains attraction.
a. Birds of a feather flock together.
b. Similarity breeds attraction.
c. You are nobody until somebody loves you.
d. Good fences make good neighbors.
14. The basic assumption of social exchange theory is that we will help others when
a. the rewards outweigh the costs.
b. the rewards are high.
c. when the costs are low.
d. they have already helped us.
15. Every morning at the bus stop, Carlos encounters an old woman begging for change. She is clearly hungry and alone. Because Carlos feels very bad for this woman and can "feel her pain," he makes a point of giving her some change each morning that he sees her. Which theoretical approach best explains Carlos's behavior?
a. social-exchange theory
b. kin selection
c. empathy-altruism hypothesis
d. norm of reciprocity
16. When a member of a group violates a norm, others will first ____ him or her, and then eventually __________.
a. reject; try to persuade him or her to rejoin the group
b. try to persuade him or her to conform; reject him or her
c. decrease persuasive communication; increase persuasive communication
d. use humor to persuade him or her to conform; use logic
17. According to reports (Rosenthal, 1964), many of Kitty Genovese's unresponsive neighbors did hear her crying out, "Oh my God, he stabbed me! Please help me! Please help me!" This suggests that the reason that her neighbors failed to intervene followed from
a. pluralistic ignorance.
b. the excessive costs of helping.
c. diffusion of responsibility.
d. urban overload.
18. According to most social psychologists, aggression is defined as
a. the intention to cause harm to or pain in another.
b. the infliction of harm or pain on another.
c. the intention to relieve frustration by harming another.
d. any action that results in physical or psychological pain in another.
19. Two children, Jane and Joan, have been eyeing a new water pistol in the local toy store for months. Each is convinced that her parents will buy her the water pistol as soon as summer comes. Yesterday, Jane's parents bought her the water pistol, which turned out to be the last one in the store. As soon as Joan found out, she had a temper tantrum and hit Jane in the stomach. _____ best explains Joan's behavior.
a. Social exchange theory
b. Frustration-aggression theory
c. The weapons effect
d. The emotional consistency effect
20. Social-psychological research has revealed that viewers often learn the particulars of how to aggress when they watch violent television. If Andy is one such person, what is he likely to think when he watches a violent cops and robbers show?
a. "If they can to it, so can I."
b. "So that's how it's done."
c. "I guess it's the urge to aggress that I'm feeling."
d. "Big deal. What's on PBS?"
21. According to social psychological research (e.g., Bower & Hilgard, 1981), what are the "ideal conditions" for punishment to be an effective deterrent to violence? Punishment must be
a. swift and severe.
b. swift and certain.
c. severe and certain.
d. fair and certain.
22. Discrimination is the _____ component of negative attitudes toward a group of people.
a. cognitive
b. pejorative
c. affective
d. behavioral
23. When third-grade teacher Jane Elliot sorted school children based on eye color, she created
a. an in-group.
b. an out-group.
c. minimal groups.
d. realistic conflict.
24. Research on the illusory correlation indicates that a correlation is found between minority status and negative events because minority status is
a. informative
b. powerless
c. distinctive
d. poor
25. A person who believes in a just world would likely believe that a date-rape victim should
a. take counseling at a crisis center.
b. not date.
c. press charges against the alleged rapist.
d. have known her date better.
26. Which of the following is not one of the basic causes of prejudice?
a. Economic competition
b. Displaced aggression
c. Conformity to social norms
d. Geography
27. Which of the following is not consistent with the prejudiced personality type?
a. Rigidity
b. Reformed belief systems
c. Respectful of authority
d. Punitive
28. Which of the following is listed as one of the quickest ways to reduce aggressive attitudes?
a. Equality
b. Catharsis
c. Segregation
d. Intimidation
29. Androgyny is:
a. A doctor who specializes in the genitalia of both men and women
b. The idea that men can be like women
c. The idea that women can be like men
d. The idea that it is possible to possess characteristics of both genders
30. According to the authors, programs such as Earning by Learning, which provide children large monetary rewards for reading,
a. encourage students to value reading.
b. are prohibitively expensive to implement.
c. may actually reduce their enjoyment of reading.
d. are effective only with younger students.
31. A gender schema can be defined as
a. A mental representation of an idea
b. An organized framework
c. A mental representation of a set of ideas
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
The following are true or false queries. On your scantron (form 2052) please indicate "a’ for a true answer, and "b" for false answer.
32. Milgram’s classic study of obedience to authority can easily be extrapolated to women.
33. The effects of advertising on behavior is largely a Western or American Phenomenon.
34. According to labeling theory a person can be forced into taking a role.
35. The devaluation of women is a non-conscious ideology in most societies.
36. We often make internal attributions about others.
37. The idea of gender becomes fixed between the ages of 6-9.
38. A lack of modeled behavior in the reduction of conflict may result in abusive behavior.
39. We have a tendency to want the underdog to win (catharsis/empathy).
40. Dating satisfaction indicates length of relationship.
41. Feminist identity leads to greater dating satisfaction.
42. Generosity begets generosity as an example of social proof.
43. Deindividuation refers to a lack of membership in social groups.
44. Relationships are multiple and are hierarchical.
45. Social norms can prevent violent or aberrant behavior.
46. Attachment style will determine all of your relationships.
47. Group decisions are more likely to be risky than individual decisions.
48. Exchange relationships are ones in which the parties help each other.
49. Attachment styles are properties of both relationships and of people.
50. Groups of a lower status are more likely to be prejudiced towards the upper status groups.
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